Statistiques mondiales écologiques en temps réel*

Emission de C02 par les transports

En 2006, les émissions de CO2 émis :

• par les transports routiers dans l'U.E étaient de de 902 Mt.
• par le transport maritime dans l'U.E étaient de 23 Mt.

•  par le transport aérien dans l'U.E étaient de de 26 Mt.

La place des transports en Europe

• The transport industry directly employs more than 10 million people, accounting for 4.5% of total employment, and represents 4.6% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Manufacture of transport equipment provides an additional 1.7% GDP and 1.5% employment.

  Source: Eurostat

• 13.2% of every household's budget is spent on average on transport goods and services.

  Source: Eurostat

• Logistics, such as transport and storage, account for 10-15% of the cost of a finished product.

  Source: “Freight Transport Logistics in Europe – the key to sustainable mobility”, COM(2006) 336

• Congestion costs Europe about 1% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) every year.

  Sources: TREMOVE and PRIMES-TREMOVE transport models  (Appendix 5 of the Impact Assessment accompanying the White Paper, SEC(2011) 358).

• In London, 20% of commuters spend more than two hours a day travelling to and from work, which adds up to one working day a week. In Germany, 37% spend one hour a day commuting.

  Sources: Transport for London, 2009, Travel in London ; Mobilität in Deutschland 2008

• Europe (EU/EEA) has the world’s largest shipping fleet, directly employing some 300 000 seafarers on board merchant vessels and another three million in related jobs. More than 80 000 merchant ships call at European ports every year.

  Sources: ECSA, Bimco/ISF, ITMMA

• EU airports and airlines currently employ 670 000 people, while some 3.2 million people depend directly or indirectly on the air transport sector.

  Source: Commission Staff Working Document: Impact assessment of the Single Aviation Market on employment and working conditions for the period 1997-2007. SEC(2010) 503 final

• Over 750 million people – one third of the world market – used EU airports in 2009.

  Source: Eurostat

• EU sustainable transport solutions will increasingly need to be exported around the world: EU drivers currently own one third of the world’s 750 million cars. The IEA projects that by 2050 car numbers worldwide will increase to more than 2.2 billion, with the sharpest growth in emerging economies.

• In the EU, transport depends on oil and oil products for more than 96% of its energy needs.

• The average car engine emits 28 times less carbon monoxide than 20 years ago. An average new car today consumes 15% less fuel per 100 km than 10 years ago.

  Sources: EC calculations based on the difference between Euro 1 and Euro 5 standards for cars and light duty vehicles; Monitoring the CO₂ emissions from new passenger cars in the EU, COM(2010) 655 final

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• Source: Energy and Transport in Europe – Statistical Pocketbook 2010.

• Europe imports around 84% of its crude oil from abroad. In 2010, the EU’s oil import bill was around € 210 billion.

  Source: Eurostat; EC own calculations

• Transport greenhouse gas emissions, including from international aviation and maritime transport, increased by around 34% between 1990 and 2008. Over the same period, energy industries reduced their emissions by about 9%.

  Source: European Environment Agency

• Transport is responsible for about a quarter of the EU's greenhouse gas emissions. 12.8% of overall emissions are generated by aviation, 13.5% by maritime transport, 0.7% by rail, 1.8% by inland navigation and 71.3% by road transport (2008).

  Source: European Environment Agency

• In London, Cologne, Amsterdam and Brussels, drivers spend more than 50 hours a year in road traffic jams. In Utrecht, Manchester and Paris, they spend more than 70 hours stuck on roads.

  Sources: INRIX European National Traffic Scorecard 2010

• The share of road transport in intra-EU long distance freight transport is around 33%, while rail and inland waterways jointly contribute less than 20%. The poor environmental performance of the transport system is linked to the fact that the generally greener rail and inland waterways transport have failed to exploit their potential in medium to long distances.

  Source: TRANSTOOLS transport model  (Appendix 5 of the Impact Assessment accompanying the White Paper, SEC(2011) 358).

• Cars are the most popular passenger mode across the EU: they represent some 72% of all passenger kilometres. However, the private car is rarely the most energy-efficient form of transport. According to data from the UK, 60% of cars have only one occupant. The percentage increases to approximately 85% for commuting and business trips.

  Source: Energy and Transport in Europe – Statistical Pocketbook 2010;

  United Kingdom Department for Transport, 2008, Transport Trends: 2008 edition.

• One bus could carry the same number of people as 30 cars, while only occupying the road space of three cars.

  Source: International Road Transport Union

Plus de voitures à essence en Europe

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